Phosphorylation of Stat-5 in response to exogenous IL-7 for HIV- and CMV-specific CD8 T cells in primary infection. (A) Dot plots for P-Stat5 staining on subjects AEI049 V2 and AEI003622 V2 in primary infection for B8FL8 and B7TM10-specific responses, respectively. (B) Percentage of P-Stat5 after 15 minutes with IL-7 at 5 ng/mL on tetramer⁺ cells for HIV (diamond) and CMV (circles)-specific CD8 T cells in primary and chronic infection. (C) Concentration of IL-7 (pg/mL) in plasma of patients in primary infection compared with chronic infection. (D) Heatmaps of genes significantly modulated between HIV-specific CD8 T cells in primary infection (pink) and HIV- and CMV-specific CD8 T cells in chronic infection (blue and green, respectively) in the γC receptor cytokine signaling pathways. Color scale represents the z-score of the mean expression value of each group for the genes significantly modulated within the pathways. ***P < .0005. ns indicates not significant.