Expression of DV-recognizing pattern-recognition receptors and sensors in GM-Mφ and M-Mφ. (A) Surface markers in GM-Mφ and M-Mφ were examined by flow cytometry. Gray area represents isotype control; and solid lines, mAb staining. The numbers in the figure show the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of mAb staining. (B) TLRs, intracellular sensors (RIG-I, MDA-5), and C-type lectins (CLEC5A, MR, and DC-SIGN) gene expression in GM-Mφ and M-Mφ were examined by real-time PCR and normalized by their comparative internal control, GAPDH. Fold change of gene expression in the y-axis was calculated based on the same gene expression in GM-Mφ. Data are mean ± SEM from 3 independent experiments. *P < .05. **P < .01. ***P < .001 (all P values Student t tests). (C) Expression of TLRs and CLRs in GM-Mφ and M-Mφ was examined by flow cytometry. The expression of surface TLR3, CLRs, and intracellular TLRs (TLR3, TLR7, and TLR8) was detected by flow cytometry. Gray area represents isotype control; and solid lines, mAb staining. The numbers in the figure show the MFI of mAb staining (top panel). The MFI of TLRs and CLRs was determined using Cellquest Version 3.3 software and was expressed as the mean ± SEM from 3 independent experiments (bottom panel).