Expression of VWF in plasma and BOECs from type 1 and 2 VWD patients. (A,C) Real-time RT-PCR with primers specific for VWF was performed on RNA isolated from BOECs from 4 healthy controls and from type 1 (A) or type 2 (C) VWD patients. The VWF expression was normalized to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and all samples were normalized to 1 healthy control. The mean expression of controls was 1.12 (range, 0.52-1.70). (B,D) VWF protein was measured in total cellular lysates from healthy control BOECs (mean, 458 ng/mg total protein; range, 59-1390) and type 1 (B) or 2 (D) VWD BOECs with a VWF ELISA. In (A-D), the dotted line indicates the lowest value in healthy donors for mRNA and protein, as the lower limit of the normal range (mean ± SEM from 4 to 9 healthy controls, see “Materials and methods”). (E,F) VWF multimer analysis of VWF from BOEC lysates (E) or plasma (F).