ZNF24 represses VEGF transcription by directly binding to its proximal promoter. (A) ChIP assays were performed using chromatin from M6C cells and the control IgG or the ZNF24 Ab. ChIP products were subjected to PCR using primers specific to VEGF promoter or a control genomic region. (B) Representation of the full-length and truncated VEGF promoter luciferase gene constructs. Ovals and boxes represent transcription factor-binding sites: Ap-1 (open oval), HIF-1 (filled oval), STAT-3 (shaded oval), and Sp1 (boxes). (C) Control plasmid or ZNF24 expression plasmid were cotransfected with indicated VEGF promoter luciferase constructs into MDA-MB-231 cells, and luciferase activities were quantified. Experiment was repeated in duplicate 3 times and 1 representative experiment is shown. *P ≤ .005; **P ≤ .05. NS indicates not significant.