DD treatment induces increased expression of β-catenin and CIITA in skin tissue (see also supplemental Figure 8). (A) PBMC from patients #19 and #21 (3 × 12 μg/kg; see also supplemental Figure 1) were stained for intracellular β-catenin and Stat-3 on day 0 and day 4 after DD treatment, and mDC1 were analyzed by FACS. (B) Tissue sections (cryosections) of healthy skin obtained from patient #19 (see results for patient #21 in supplemental Figure 8) on day 0 and day 4 were stained side by side using MELC robots as described previously¹⁶  and the indicated directly labeled fluorescein isothiocyanate–conjugated antibodies. Digital images were obtained at 20-fold magnification. The main differences are seen in the expression levels of CIITA and β-catenin (blue boxed images, details in text). White arrows depict epidermal Langerhans cells not expressing (day 0) or expressing CIITA (day 4). β-Catenin showed enhanced expression on day 4; note the appearance of the protein in the cytoplasm of skin cells. Pixel intensities of images of the same tissue section, representing expression levels of proteins, were adjusted relative to the expression level of collagen IV, which served as a control.