mC46-fusion inhibitor enhances B-lymphocyte responses against HIV/SIV antigens. (A) Western blot analysis was used to visualize the production of anti-SHIV antibodies in the control (left) and mC46-macaque (right) using premade strips from SIV_mac239 lysates. Serum samples and control strips are as follows: lanes 1-7, serum samples from weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12; lane 8, SIV_mac239-positive control; lane 9, negative control; lane 10, SHIV positive control. (B) ELISA was used to determine the antibody titer against whole SIV and HIV Env (mC46 macaques: circles and triangle; control [cont.] macaques: squares and diamonds). (C-D) Diluted serum samples collected at 1, 3, and 6 months after SHIV challenge were incubated with VSV-G or HIV89.6 env pseudotyped lentiviral vectors encoding GFP for 1.5 hours at 37°C before addition to TZMbl cells. FACS analysis was performed 48 hours following transduction. Antibody titer and neutralization assays were performed in duplicate for each serum sample. (C-D) Results shown are averages observed for controls and mC46 macaques (C: P < .0137; D: P < .0035). Two-tailed t test was used for statistical analysis between each subset (P < .05 is considered significant). Western blot analysis for the second set of macaques is shown in supplemental Figure 7.