KSHV VLs, vIL-6, and human cytokines in relation to KSHV-MCD disease activity. KSHV VL, vIL-6, and several human cytokines differ significantly between KSHV-MCD flare and remission. Statistical comparisons were made between initial flare and remission. Values are log transformed; units for all human cytokines and for vIL-6 are pg/mL and for KSHV VL is copies/10⁶ PBMCs. For IL-6 and TNF-α, the midpoint of levels found in 9 to 10 normal donors using the same method is shown; other human cytokines illustrated were not detected in panels of 9 to 10 normal donors using this method.⁵¹  Note that vertical scales differ.