BTLA blockade restored γδ T-cell proliferation in co-culture with HVEM⁺ lymphoma cells. (A) Percentage of BTLA-positive cells among Vγ9Vδ2 T cells from patients with inflammatory lymph nodes (IF-LN), NHL, and HL. (B) Gating strategy for evaluating HVEM expression on tumor cells and BTLA, CD160, and LIGHT expression on αβ T, γδ T, and NK cells. (C) Percentage of BTLA, CD160, and LIGHT expression on αβ T, γδ T, and NK cells and percentage of HVEM-expressing cells among lymphoma cells (n = 11). (D) Representative experiment showing BTLA expression according to γδ T-cell differentiation subsets within lymph nodes. BTLA expression on intranodal γδ T cells from lymphoma in the patient in (B), γδ T cells were analyzed for CD45RA and CD27 expression, resulting in the following subsets of γδ T lymphocytes: naïve (CD45RA⁺CD27⁺), CM (CD45RA⁻CD27⁺), EM (CD45RA⁻CD27⁻), and TEMRA (CD45RA⁺CD27⁻). (E-F) CellTrace dilution gated on intranodal γδ T cells (n = 11) stimulated 5 days with IL-2 and specified mAb. Results were expressed as mean ± SEM, and statistical significance was established using the nonparametric paired Wilcoxon U test. *P < .05; **0.001 < P < .01; ***P < .001.