In vivo T-cell proliferation in response to exosomal-peptide antigen. C57BL/6 or CD169−/− mice were immunized IV or SC in the forelimb with (A) PBS, 100 µg sucrose cushion purified Exo257/323, and 105 DC257/323 or (B) 105 parental B cell257/323. Exosomes and cells were all pulsed simultaneously with 1 μM ovalbumin peptides OVA257-264 and OVA323-339. T-cell proliferation of adoptively cotransferred OT-I (CD8) and OT-II (CD4) cells (CFSE or CPD V450) were analyzed 5 days after immunization by flow cytometry. Black line, test group; shaded peak, PBS-immunized mice. Results representative of ≥6 mice per group.