Figure 4
Figure 4. HIV-1–infected and Nef-expressing cells form cell protrusions in Matrigel defined as 3D podosomes. (A-B) Confocal images of (A) HIV-1–infected and (B) NefSF2-expressing cells migrating inside Matrigel. (A) (Upper) HIV-1 p24 (red), F-actin (green), and 4,6 diamidino-2-phenylindole (blue); inset is ×2 zoom. (Lower) Vinculin (red), F-actin (green), and 4,6 diamidino-2-phenylindole (blue). (B) Nef (green), F-actin (blue), and vinculin (red). Inset, ×3.5 zoom. Arrowheads: 3D podosomes. (C) Brightfield images of control and NefSF2-expressing macrophages inside Matrigel and quantification of the number of protrusions per cell. Mean ± SD, n = 4 (>20 cells per condition per donor). Arrowheads: 3D protrusions. Scale bars, 10 μm.

HIV-1–infected and Nef-expressing cells form cell protrusions in Matrigel defined as 3D podosomes. (A-B) Confocal images of (A) HIV-1–infected and (B) NefSF2-expressing cells migrating inside Matrigel. (A) (Upper) HIV-1 p24 (red), F-actin (green), and 4,6 diamidino-2-phenylindole (blue); inset is ×2 zoom. (Lower) Vinculin (red), F-actin (green), and 4,6 diamidino-2-phenylindole (blue). (B) Nef (green), F-actin (blue), and vinculin (red). Inset, ×3.5 zoom. Arrowheads: 3D podosomes. (C) Brightfield images of control and NefSF2-expressing macrophages inside Matrigel and quantification of the number of protrusions per cell. Mean ± SD, n = 4 (>20 cells per condition per donor). Arrowheads: 3D protrusions. Scale bars, 10 μm.

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