Loss of DGKε induces EC activation through p38-MAPK–mediated signals. HUVECs were transfected with 20 nM of control siRNA or DGKE siRNA, and a specific inhibitor of either p38-MAPK (SB203580, 10 μM) or p44/42-MAPK (PD98059, 10 μM), or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (vehicle) was added to the culture medium after 6 hours. (A) The expression of ICAM-1 and (B) E-selectin was analyzed 48 hours after transfection by flow cytometry. The bar graph represents the mean fold change in MFI (± SEM) from 3 independent experiments. ^#P < .05 vs control siRNA–transfected and DMSO-treated cells, *P < .05 vs DGKE siRNA–transfected and DMSO-treated cells.