Mechanism of action of miR-17-92 cluster in acute GVHD. (A) Generation of the miR-17-92 pre-miR (denoted by ^7mGppG polyadenylation tail species) by the enzymes Drosha-DGCR8 and the incorporation of the mature miR into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) mediated by Dicer-TRBP. (B) The ability of the miR-17-92 complex to enhance the generation of Th1/Th17 cells and their ability to mediate tissue damage is shown. The miR-19 seed antagomir prevents GVHD by blocking the generation of Th1/Th17 cells and enhancing the expansion of Th2 cells. TF, transcription factor. Professional illustration by Patrick Lane, ScEYEnce Studios.