PPXbd inhibits pathways downstream of FXIIa. Anticoagulated whole blood (CTI, 4 μg/mL) was treated with (A) 14E11 (20 μg/mL) to inhibit FXIIa activation of FXI or (B) O1A6 to block FIX activation by FXIa and was perfused over collagen/low to medium [TF]wall surface at 100 s−1 under constant flow rate mode (constant Q). Adding PPXbd to 14E11-treated blood caused significant reduction in fibrin signal after the first 200 seconds. PPXbd showed no effect on fibrin generation when it was added to O1A6-treated blood.