Algorithm for treatment of children with JMML, stratified according to somatic (N-RAS, K-RAS, PTPN-11) or germline (CBL, NF1) molecular lesions and availability of an HLA-identical sibling. *In some patients with somatic N-RAS mutations (ie, those with low HbF and high platelet count), long-term survival in the absence of allogeneic HSCT has been observed. Although it is still an experimental therapy for JMML, haploidentical HSCT is an option in the few patients who need an urgent allograft and lack any suitable HLA-identical sibling, adult UD, or unrelated CB unit.