Distribution of modal number and frequency (number of cases) of numerical and structural cytogenetic abnormalities. (A) Cases in gray among modal number 46 represent normal karyotype (n = 49), and those in black represent pseudodiploid chromosomes (n = 119). (B) Gains are shown on the positive y-axis and losses on the negative y-axis. Chromosomes are shown on the x-axis. (C) The short arms (p) of the chromosomes are shown on the positive y-axis and the long arms (q) on the negative y-axis.