(–)BI97D6 effectively kills primary AML myeloblasts from refractory patients. (A) (–)BI97D6 IC50 values in primary AML samples. Fresh mononuclear cells from AML patients were isolated and incubated with (–)BI97D6 for 48 hours. Calcusyn software was used to calculate the IC50 values based on live cell numbers (Annexin V−/PI−). Patient information is provided in Table 1. (B) Protein expression measured by quantitative immunoblot was plotted against the corresponding (–)BI97D6 IC50 values of patient samples (n = 12). No significant correlations were observed between IC50 values and the expression levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, or Mcl-1 (Spearman’s rank correlation). (C) The IC50 values of (–)BI97D6 against refractory or nonrefractory primary AML samples. There is no significant difference in the median IC50 values (Mann-Whitney test).