Cytokine signaling pathways are active in the AGM. (A) Components of cytokine signaling pathways found to be upregulated in the E11 dorsal aorta (E11WA), in E11 Ly6A-GFP⁺ cells (E11GFP), and in the middle part of the dorsal aorta (E11mAo) by expression profiling. (B) Confirmation of signaling component expression by semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis in the AGM region. (C) Analysis of cytokine expression in the E11 AGM by qPCR; n = 3. (D) Schematic diagram of experimental setup.