Ticagrelor-mediated adenosine receptor-independent increases in VASP-P in 1321N1 cells expressing P2Y₁₂R. Representative immunoblots and bar/x-y charts showing the following: (A-B) VASP-P, VASP, and α-tubulin (internal control) levels in P2Y₁₂-transfected 1321N1 cells incubated with phosphodiesterase inhibitor IBMX (100 µM), adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin (100 nM), forskolin (100 nM) + ADP (10 µM), ADP (10 µM), ticagrelor (10 µM), AR-C 66096 (10 µM), or R-138727 (10 µM) for 5 minutes at 37°C; n = 5. (C-D) Extracellular signal–regulated kinases (ERK)-P, ERK, and α-tubulin (internal control) levels in P2Y₁₂-transfected 1321N1 cells incubated with ticagrelor for 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 minutes, at 37°C; n = 5 (E-F) VASP-P and α-tubulin (internal control) levels in P2Y₁₂-transfected (E, left) and vehicle vector pcNEO-transfected (E, right) 1321N1 cells, both preincubated with either XAC (1 µM) or vehicle (0.1% DMSO) for 15 minutes at 37°C before incubation with ticagrelor (10 µM) for 0, 5, 15, 30, and 60 minutes at 37°C. All bar/x-y charts display mean and SEM. Statistical test used was 2-way ANOVA (D). *P < .05; **P < .01. Kilodaltons of molecular size markers are reported on the left.