CD10⁺LDNs and/or CD10⁺NDNs from GDs display an activated phenotype, high levels of ARG1 mRNA, and low intracellular arginase activity. (A) Panels display the levels of CD16, CD62L, CD54, CD11c, CD35, and CD11b expression in CD10⁺ NDNs and CD10⁺ LDNs from GDs, as evaluated by flow cytometry. For each antigen, data are expressed as median fold change (FC) of its mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in CD10⁺ NDNs or CD10⁺ LDNs from GDs over CD10⁺ NDNs from HDs. Graph values indicate medians from independent experiments. Each symbol stands for a single HD or GD (n = 12-32). **P ≤ .01; ***P ≤ .001, by 1-way ANOVA with the Dunnett posttest. (B) Panels display the MFI of the side scatter (SSC) (left panel) and the forward scatter (FSC) (right panel) of CD10⁺ NDNs and CD10⁺ NDNs from GDs (n = 20), as evaluated by flow cytometry. Graph values indicate medians from independent experiments. Each symbol stands for a single GD. *P ≤ .05; ***P ≤ .001, by the Mann-Whitney U test. (C) Panels display ARG1 mRNA expression (left panel) and intracellular arginase activity (right panel), as evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and specific enzymatic assay, respectively, in CD10⁺ NDNs from HDs or GDs. Graph values indicate medians from independent experiments (n = 7). *P ≤ .05, by the Mann-Whitney U test. (D-E) The panels display arginase activity in the culture medium harvested from cocultures of T cells and CD10⁺ NDNs from HDs (n = 11) or GDs (n = 11) (D) or in plasma obtained from HDs (n = 14) or GDs (n = 14) (E). Graph values indicate medians from independent experiments. Each symbol stands for a single HD or GD. *P ≤ .05; **P ≤ .01, by the Mann-Whitney U test. (F) The frequency of apoptotic CD10⁺ NDNs from HDs or GDs, cultured, for the time indicated, alone (left panel) or in the presence of CD3/CD28-stimulated T cells at a 5:1 neutrophil-to-T-cell ratio (right panel) as revealed by flow cytometry. Graph values indicate medians from independent experiments (n = 4-9). MNE, mean normalized expression.