The proliferative capacity of iNKT cells is impaired in patients with HHV-8 MCD. PBMCs were cultured with α-GalCer and IL-2 for 12 days. Cells were stained with CD3 and iTCR mAbs. (A) Representative flow cytometry plots and bar chart show cumulative data from 13 HDs, 9 patients with KS, and 15 patients with HHV-8 MCD (HIV⁺, n = 10; HIV⁻, n = 5) showing frequencies of iNKT cells before and after α-GalCer and IL-2 stimulation. Bar chart shows cumulative data as frequencies and median ± interquartile ranges. Significant P < .05, Wilcoxon matched pairs test. (B) Correlation plots show the relationship between frequencies of iNKT cells at day 0 (D0) and D12 after α-GalCer and IL-2 stimulation. Significant P < .05, Spearman’s correlation. (C) Representative flow cytometry plots showing frequencies of iNKT cells at D0 and D12 in iNKT cell–depleted PBMCs from 8 HDs. Bar chart shows cumulative data as median ± interquartile ranges. Significant P < .05, Wilcoxon matched pairs test.