Schematic representation showing the synthesis pathways of selected glycosphingolipids. Structures relevant to this commentary are marked with bold text and highlighted in green. The names of the glycosyltransferases involved in the formation of the relevant structures are A4GALT (α1,4-galactosyltransferase) and B3GALNT1 (β-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase1). Cer, ceramide. Adapted from Westman et al.⁸