Ibrutinib may permit invasive fungal infections through multiple effects. These include inhibition of alveolar macrophage, neutrophil, T-cell, and platelet function as well as alterations in the chemoattractant and cytokine environment. DC, dendritic cells; NETs, neutrophils extra-cellular traps; PMN, polymorphonuclear neutrophils; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SOD, superoxyde dismutase; Th, T helper. See supplemental Figure 1 in the article by Ghez et al that begins on page 1955.