rADAMTS-13-preconditioning reduced FPI-induced vascular leakage and coagulopathy. (A-C) Topical and coronal views of the brains of C57BL/6J mice preconditioned with a single dose (200 μg/kg) of rADAMTS-13 or an equal volume of PBS before being subjected to 1.9 atm of FPI. Control mice received PBS and underwent sham surgery (representative images from 27 independent experiments). The top panels show surface areas of the impact site, and the coronal views show a depth of injury that is indicative of secondary injury. The reduction of vascular leakage is more visible in the coronal views. (D) Evans blue dye released from vessels into the interstitial space of the brain was measured in brain homogenates (n = 27; 1-way ANOVA). (E-G) Representative hematoxylin and eosin-stained lungs from mice that received the 3 treatments (arrow: microvascular bleeds; bar = 100 μm). Plasma levels of fibrinogen (H) and D-dimer (I) from mice in the above treatment groups (n = 27; 1-way ANOVA).