rADAMTS-13 was therapeutic. rADAMTS-13 given after FPI reduced VWF:CB (A), partially restored plasma fibrinogen (B), reduced plasma D-dimer (C), reduced platelet CD62p expression (D), and reversed the shortened tail bleeding time (E) in mice receiving a single bolus dose of rADAMTS-13 at 200 μg/kg 30 min after FPI compared with those either receiving an equal volume of PBS 30 minutes after FPI or undergoing sham surgery (n = 27; 1-way ANOVA, *P < .01). rADAMTS-13 in the same treatment regimen reduced cerebral vascular leakage (F) (n = 27; 1-way ANOVA, *P < .001) and improved neurological function (G) (n = 27; 1-way ANOVA, *P < .001, **P < .01) and accumulative survival (H) in FPI mice.