TLR stimulation inhibits murine dendritic cell development. Murine bone marrow cells (Balb/c) were differentiated for 9 days with GM-CSF in the absence or presence of 100 ng/mL LPS or 100 nM CpG-ODN. (A) Cells were analyzed for expression of CD11b, CD11c, MHC class II (n = 5), and F4/80 (n = 2) expression by FACS (mean+SD). (B) Cells were restimulated at day 9 with 1 ng/mL LPS and analyzed for secretion of IL-12p40 (n = 3) and TNF-α (n = 2) after overnight incubation (mean+SD). (C) Cells were analyzed for phagocytosis of FITC-labeled latex beads. Shown is ΔMFI (37°C-4°C) (mean+SD, n = 4). (D) Day-10 Balb/c DCs treated with LPS or CpG-ODN during the differentiation period were assayed for their capacity to induce proliferation of CD90-sorted T lymphocytes (C57BL/6, triplicates of 1 of 3 experiments).