Increased numbers of GFP⁺ LSK cells in primary recipients of Smad7-transduced cells. (A) FACS analysis of BM from primary recipients at 16 to 18 weeks after BM transplantation. Lineage- and 7AAD-positive cells were excluded and Sca1/c-kit-positive cells selected by gating. SSC indicates side scatter; FSC, forward scatter. (B) Histogram showing the GFP contribution within the LSK population from representative recipients of MIG and Smad7 cells, respectively. Filled bars indicate MIG; open bars, Smad7. (C) Average percentage of GFP⁺ cells within the LSK population: MIG, 33.7% ± 2.85%; Smad7, 56.5% ± 6.85 (P = .03 as analyzed by paired t test). (D) Fold increase of absolute numbers of GFP⁺ LSK cells/femur compared with MIG. Fold increase is 2.7 (P = .04 as analyzed by paired t test). Data represent mean values from 4 independent experiments ± SEM.