Dynamics of SIVsmm D215 plasma vRNA loads in rituximab-infused RMs and control monkeys. Black symbols and lines denote the control monkeys (DG34, DH44, DD93, and BV85). Red symbols and lines denote monkeys in which rituximab administration induced complete CD20 depletion in both peripheral blood and tissues (CF03, BT49, and EI09). Green symbols and lines indicate monkeys in which rituximab induced complete peripheral but incomplete tissue CD20⁺ B-cell depletion (DG04, CA16, and EL55). The violet dots and line indicate a RM in which CD20⁺ B-cell depletion was achieved after every rituximab administration but CD20 cells rebounded before the following treatment. Day 0 is the day of SIV inoculation. Rituximab was infused every 21 days beginning 1 week before SIV inoculation. RMs DG04, CA16, CF03, and BT49 received 4 rituximab administrations. RMs EI74, EI09, and EL55 received rituximab for up to 160 days pi.