αGalCer-activated iNKT cells enhance T-D B-cell response to protein vaccines in a noncognate fashion. Specific IgG responses induced in BMCs and wt mice upon vaccination with Ags mixed or not mixed with αGalCer, according to the schedule shown in Figure S1. (A) Expression of CD1d on circulating B cells (CD19+) from mixed BMCs, and CD1d−/− and wt mice. (B) H3N2-specific antibody titers induced by immunization of wt mice, CD1−/− mice, or mixed BMCs expressing or not expressing CD1d on B cells. (C) Primary TT- and NP-CGG–specific antibody titers induced by vaccination in BMCs expressing or not expressing CD1d on B cells. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences (P ≤ .05) in antibody titers between groups of mice immunized with Ag alone or mixed with αGalCer. Shown are the results from 1 experiment representative of 2 in which 5 mice per group were tested. Results are shown as mean plus or minus SEM.