IMiDs up-regulate the platelet aggregation agonist CG released by promyelocytes. Purified CD34⁺ cells were cultured with pomalidomide, lenalidomide, or DMSO (control) for different time periods. (A) Quantitative RT-PCR of CD34⁺ cells. Results are shown as mRNA fold increase by pomalidomide or lenalidomide, compared with control (DMSO). mRNA levels were normalized with β-actin. (B) CG protein expression of CD34⁺ cells. β-Actin was used as loading control. (C) Densitometric analyses of immunoreactive bands for the protein levels of CG. (D) CG levels of supernatants of cultured CD34⁺ cells. Results are shown as mean ± SD of CG (ng/mL). (E) White blood cells and plasma from peripheral blood of 14 patients before lenalidomide treatment, during each cycle, and 1 and 2 months after discontinuation of lenalidomide were obtained. (Left panel) Quantitative RT-PCR of white blood cells of patients. CG mRNA fold induction by lenalidomide was compared with baseline (pretreatment). Results are shown as mean CG mRNA fold increase by lenalidomide compared with baseline (pretreatment). The level of mRNA was normalized to GAPDH. Results are shown as mean ± SD. (Right panel) Results of ELISA of plasma of patients are shown as mean ± SD of CG ng/mL.