Roles of various members of the TNF superfamily in inflammation, cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and morphogenesis. All members of the TNF superfamily exhibit pro-inflammatory activity, in part through activation of the transcription factor NF-κB (full red circle); OX40L, CD40L, CD27L, APRIL, and BAFF exhibit proliferative activity in part through activation of various mitogen-activated kinases (sky blue); TNF-α, TNF-β, FasL, and TRAIL control apoptosis (bluish-green); and EDA-A1, EDA-A2, TNF-α, FasL, and TRAIL regulate morphogenesis (green).