IL32 mRNA levels in WBCs and PBMCs from patients with or without clinical GVHD after hematopoietic cell transplantation. (A) Acute GVHD. IL-32 expression was determined with probe Hs00170403_m1 covering all isoforms (see “Analysis of human and murine cytokines by real-time PCR”) and validated using 4 different taqman probes for IL-32 (data not shown). Expression of IL-32 in WBCs from patients with acute GVHD (10 patients, 15 samples) was twice as high as in patients who did not develop clinical signs of GVHD (5 patients, 8 samples; P < .02). (B) Chronic GVHD. Steady-state levels of IL-32 mRNA in PBMCs from patients with chronic GVHD. No significant changes in IL-32 expression were seen in PBMCs of patients with chronic GVHD either untreated (n = 8, P = .74) or treated (n = 14, P = .5) compared with healthy controls. Similarly, there was no difference between treated and untreated patients with chronic GVHD (P = .19; Student t test for comparison of continuous variables between 2 groups; 1-way ANOVA for 3 or more groups).