Kinetics of MIP-1α, IFN-γ, and GM-CSF secretion in control and C5-stimulated PBMC culture supernatants from HTLV-2/HIV-1^MEU persons. (A) PBMCs were seeded at 2 × 10⁵ cells/well and cultured in medium supplemented with 5% human serum in the presence or absence of 30 μg/mL C5-peptide. Supernatants were harvested at regular intervals and then tested for chemokine/cytokine concentrations. Results are representative of 5 independent experiments. (B) Correlation between MIP-1α and IFN-γ or GM-CSF production in unstimulated cultures of PBMCs from HTLV-2/HIV-1^MEU subjects. PBMCs were cultivated in the presence or absence of anti–MIP-1α or anticytokine NmAb (2 μg/mL each) that were added a single time at the beginning of the culture. Neutralization of MIP-1α resulted in a significant reduction of GM-CSF and IFN-γ secretion.