Reversal of lupus-like disease in 8-month-old New Zealand black × New Zealand white (NZBW) mice treated by nonmyeloablative allogeneic transplantation. (A) Eight-month-old NZBW mice that received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells had a reversal of their disease, as measured by a decrease in the frequency of antihistone autoantibody titers after transplantation. In contrast, the frequency of antihistone autoantibody titers in mice that received only the conditioning regimen showed no change. Bar graphs indicate the frequency of mice with positive antihistone titers before (blue) and after (green) treatment. Serum was collected the week before treatment and again before death or at 335 days after treatment. The frequency of positive titers in mice was not significant between these groups before treatment (P = .249), but was significant after treatment (P = .008). (B) Reversal and stabilization of proteinuria in mice that received transplants with mild to moderate disease. Bar graphs indicate the frequency of proteinuria, urine protein 1 g/L (100 mg/dL) or more, in NZBW mice before (blue) and after (green) treatment. Eight-month-old NZBW mice with mild to moderate disease before treatment, with urine protein 1 g/L (100 mg/dL) or less, were monitored up to 335 days posttreatment. NZBW mice that received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells had a reversal or stabilization of their disease quantified as a decrease in the frequency of proteinuria after transplantation. The cohort receiving the conditioning treatment only showed an increase in frequency of proteinuria after treatment. Frequency of proteinuria in mice was not significant between these groups before treatment (P = .415), but was significant after treatment (P ≤ .001). Data were combined from 2 experiments.