Effects of ω-3 PUFAs on EC invasiveness. (A) Schematic outline of the newly developed method. ECs were mixed with Matrigel solution (1:1), and a 20-μL droplet was applied to the surface of a 6-well plate (n = 5) and incubated for 20 hours. The cells that migrated out of the droplet were counted by phase-contrast inverse microscopy. (B) A photograph of ECs that had migrated out of the Matrigel droplet. (C) Serum/growth factor dependence of EC migration. The effect of serum/growth factors on HUVEC migration was examined, and the dose-response curve is shown. The EC₅₀ value of 2% FBS was determined by nonlinear regression. (D) Mean differences in number of invading cells that were affected by PUFAs (10 μM) and indomethacin (IND; 5 μM) were analyzed statistically. **P < .01 different from control.