Differential HIV-1 infectivity and anti–HIV-1 miRNAs expression in monocytes and macrophages. (A) HIV-1 infection of monocytes and macrophages. Cells were infected with HIV-1 Bal strain either immediately after isolation (D0 monocytes) or after having been cultured for 7 days (D7 macrophages). Replication kinetics of HIV-1 Bal in cell culture was measured by RT activity in culture supernatants. Culture supernatants were collected at the indicated time points postinfection. The data shown are the mean (± SD) of triplicate cultures, representative of three experiments using cells from three different donors. The inserts shown in A are the morphologies of freshly isolated monocytes (D0 monocytes) and 7-day cultured monocytes (D7 macrophages). (B) Anti-HIV-1 miRNAs expression during monocyte differentiation. Cells collected at the indicated time points were subjected RNA extraction for miRNA expression by real-time RT PCR. The data shown are the mean (± SD) of triplicate cultures representative of 3 experiments using cells from 3 different donors.