Longitudinal measurements of plasma viral load, CD4 cell, and DC numbers in HIV-infected subjects. HIV-infected subjects enrolled in the study were grouped as treated (N = 40, red open diamonds) and untreated (N = 13, blue solid circles) and were followed longitudinally for 52 weeks. Date of infection was estimated for all subjects using the Serologic Testing Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion (STARHS or detuned ELISA) to establish whether patients with positive HIV antibody tests had recently acquired HIV.25 All monthly sample collection points were aligned accordingly. Left panels show measurements of (A) plasma viral load, (B) percent CD4, and (C) percent mDC, and (D) percent pDC frequencies obtained during the monthly visits. Right panels show the trend for each subject group (solid lines: red = ART treated and blue = untreated) as calculated using linear spline mixed effects models, and the dashed lines around the group average estimates represent the 95% confidence intervals. The horizontal gray dashed lines indicate the range of DC numbers observed in uninfected controls.
