Leukocyte adhesion (mean ± SEM) in TNF-α–stimulated cremaster muscle venules. Leukocytes adhesion (number of adherent cells/mm²) was observed in (2-4 hours) TNF-α–stimulated cremaster muscle venules of WT control mice (n = 5), RAGE^−/− mice (n = 6), Icam1^−/− mice (n = 4), and RAGE^−/−Icam1^−/− mice (n = 3; A). *Significant differences (P < .05) in leukocyte adhesion to WT control mice. In addition, leukocyte adhesion in RAGE^−/− mice and Icam1^−/− mice (bars identical to panel A) was compared with adhesion in RAGE^−/− mice (n = 6) and Icam1^−/− mice (n = 6) pretreated with blocking mAbs against either LFA-1 or Mac-1 (B).