Cellular oxidative stress in APS patients. (A) Peroxide production in neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes of APS patients, determined by addition of the fluorescent probe DCF-DA to the isolated cells and flow cytometry analysis. Representative histograms are shown in parallel with bar graphs showing the mean ± SD of median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of all the patients (dotted bars) and healthy donors (empty bars) included in the study. (B) Intracellular glutathione levels of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes of APS patients and healthy donors, determined by addition of the fluorescent probe CMF-DA and measurement as described for panel A. Representative histograms are shown in parallel with bar graphs showing the mean ± SD of MFI. (C) Proportion of circulating neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes with depolarized mitochondria, determined with the JC-1 MitoScreen assay. Representative dot plots of isolated cells from patients and controls are shown together with the bar graph showing the mean ± SD of all the patients and the controls included in the study (*P < .05 vs healthy donors). (D) Nuclear Nrf2 protein abundance in monocytes of representative APS patients and healthy donors. The nuclear abundance of the transcription factor TFIIB was used as a loading control.