Effect of treatments with CoQ₁₀ on monocytes mitochondrial dysfunction promoted by IgG-APS. (A) Cells were preincubated with CoQ₁₀ for 24 hours, washed, and then stimulated with IgG-APS or IgG-NHS in the presence of the drugs. Then, the proportion of monocytes with depolarized mitochondria was determined with the JC-1 MitoScreen assay. (B) Using the dye TMRM, the change in mitochondrial membrane potential was further monitored by flow cytometry. Values are means and SEM from 4 independent experiments. Significant differences (at P < .05) versus monocytes treated with IgG-NHS (a) and versus IgG-APS–treated cells (b). (C) Representative fluorescent photomicrographs of mitochondrial damage (magnification, ×20) after incubation of monocytes (treated as described in panels A and B) with the probe Rhodamine-123 that only stains cells in which Δψ_m is intact.