Expression of RAP increases VWF levels in FVIII-deficient mice. Plasma samples were collected from untreated FVIII-deficient mice and FVIII-deficient mice subjected to hydrodynamic gene transfer with an empty pLIVE-expression plasmid (pLIVE-empty) or with pLIVE-RAP. VWF antigen levels are expressed in unit per milliliter relative to pooled normal mouse plasma. VWF antigen (Ag) levels are significantly increased in pLIVE-RAP–treated mice compared with untreated and pLIVE-empty–treated mice (1-way ANOVA, P < .0001). Data represent mean ± SD of 4 to 10 mice.