Single-stranded DNA-ODNs inhibit the effect of poly I:C in human nonhematopoietic cells. (A) Expression of TLR3 and TLR9 mRNA was determined by PCR in DCs, 16HBE epithelial cells, MRC5 fibroblasts, primary B cells, and N/TERT human keratinocytes. (B-D) Secretion of IL-8 from keratinocytes (B) and fibroblasts (C), and TNF-α from epithelial cells (D) after 24 hours of TLR stimulation was measured with ELISA. Data from 3 independent experiments run in triplicates are shown.