VE-cadherin reduces N-cadherin expression by inhibiting β-catenin signaling. (A) qRT-PCR analysis of VE-cadherin and N-cadherin expression in β-catenin WT and β-catenin Δex3 cells. The mean ± SD are graphed (n = 4; ***P < .01). (B) Immunoblots and quantification of VE-cadherin, β-catenin, β-catenin Δex3 expression from β-catenin WT and β-catenin Δex3 cells. Columns are means ± SEM, (n = 3; **P < .02). (C) Immunoblots of VE-cadherin and N-cadherin from VEC positive and Δ-βcat cells. The experiment reported has been performed 3 times with comparable results. The presence of β-catenin WT in β-catenin Δex3 samples indicates that Cre recombination was incomplete and did not occur in a certain percentage of cells that still express β-catenin WT. (D) Immunoblots of N-cadherin from VEC null and VEC null adeno-GFP or adeno-TCF4-DN infected cells. (B-D) α-tubulin is the loading control. (E) Representative image of VEC null cells expressing TCF4-DN. Approximately 50% of cells efficiently express the TCF4-DN. Scale bar: 10 μm. (F) qRT-PCR analysis of Twist1, Snai1, and Snai2 expression in β-catenin WT and β-catenin Δex3 cells. The means ± SD are graphed (n = 3; *P < .05).