Iron loading in the patients with ineffective or no erythropoiesis (black) or effective erythropoiesis (red). All groups load the liver equally. The heart and pancreas, which primarily load when NTBI/LPI is high, have significantly less loading for disorders with effective erythropoiesis. The dashed line is the normal level. CDA, congenital dyserythropoietic anemia; DBA, Diamond Blackfan anemia; PK, pyruvate kinase deficiency; SCD, sickle cell anemia; TM, thalassemia major (from Coates⁸  and Berdoukas et al,¹³  with permission).