PIM kinases are necessary for cytokine rescue. (A) RNA expression of PIM isoforms in MV4;11 cells after 24 hours of treatment with crenolanib ± the indicated cytokine (n = 3). (B) RNA expression of PIM isoforms in primary human FLT3-ITD AML after 24 hours of treatment with crenolanib ± the indicated cytokine. Dashed line represents DMSO-treated control (n = 3). (C) Percent apoptosis by Annexin-V staining of MV4;11 cells treated with indicated drugs ± GM-CSF (n = 3). (D) Adenosine triphosphate–based survival assay of primary human FLT3-ITD AML treated with crenolanib, PIM inhibitor, and GM-CSF. Supplemental Table 1 provides characteristics of patient samples. Dashed line represents DMSO-treated control (n = 6). Error bars represent SEM. *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001; ****P < .0001. 053914, PIM inhibitor at 10, 100, or 500 nM.