Cellular immunotherapy for CMV-associated retinitis. (A) CMV viral titer during the course of treatment overlaid with antiviral regimens and times for detection of retinitis. Dotted lines represent the times of T-cell infusion. (B) Flow cytometric analysis showing the characteristics of the donor-derived CMV-specific T-cell therapy. The production of IFN-γ was determined using a standard intracellular cytokine assay. (C) The top left panel represents fundus photography showing severe active retinitis and periphlebitis in the right eye inferotemporal quadrant (pretherapy). Progressive resolution of retinitis is shown after 1, 2, and 3 CMV-specific T-cell infusions. The right hand panels represent wide-field fundus photographs showing significantly improved retinitis after 6 T-cell infusions. (D) Immunological reconstitution after ACT was assessed using the QuantiFERON-CMV assay. Data represent IFN-γ (IU/mL) titers after stimulation with either the CMV peptides or mitogen and subtracting the no-antigen control. Dotted lines represent the times of T-cell infusions.