(in Harousseau et al). Apoptotic signaling pathways triggered by conventional and novel therapies.

Radiation (IR), Fas/FasL, TRAIL and thalidomide/immunomodulatory analogs (IMiDs) trigger caspase-8, whereas arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃) and dexamethasone (Dex) trigger caspase-9, activation. Bortezomib induces both caspase-8 and caspase-9 activation. Interleukin (IL)-6 and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 activate PI3-K/Akt cascade, which inhibits caspase-9/caspase-3 apoptotic signaling.