RNA down-regulation of chemokines in brain regions of Glb1^-/- mice. (A-B) RNase protection assays revealed that the β-chemokines RANTES, MIP-1β, MIP-1α, IP-10, MCP-1, and TCA-3 were less activated in the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain (HMF); brain stem (BS); cerebellum (CB); and spinal cord of treated Glb1^-/- mice (-/-BMT) at 3 (A) and 4 (B) months after transplantation than in those regions of untreated Glb1^-/- mice (Glb1^-/-). The values were normalized to those observed in Glb1^+/+ mice. The relative levels of RNA induction were normalized against L32 RNA. (C) At 3 and 4 months of age, the SDF-1α and SDF-1β mRNA levels in the cerebellum of untreated Glb1^-/- mice (SDF-1α, ▦; SDF-1β, □) were higher than those in treated Glb1^-/- mice (SDF-1α, ▪; SDF-1β, ▧). (D) The amount of SDF-1α protein in the cerebellum was also lower in treated Glb1^-/- mice (▪) than it was in untreated Glb1^/- mice (▦). Data are expressed as mean ± SD.