IL-10 and PGE₂ production in whole blood cultures of HIV-infected individuals in response to LPS and SAC is normal. Whole blood (diluted 1:10) from HIV-infected individuals (closed symbols) and noninfected controls (open symbols) was cultured in the presence of various concentrations SAC (A and C) or LPS (B and D). After 20 hours of culture, supernatants were harvested, and IL-10 (A and B; HIV−, n = 35; HIV+, n = 55) and PGE₂ (C and D; HIV−, n = 20; HIV+, n = 22) concentrations were measured in ELISA. Mean cytokine production is shown; bars indicate the standard error of the mean. IL-10 production in the HIV-infected group was significantly decreased from that in noninfected controls at 50 pg/mL LPS (P = .049) and 1,250 pg/mL (P = .01) as determined in the Mann-Whitney U-test.