Autologous AML-DC–stimulated T cells lyse leukemic targets but not autologous remission PBMNC. Autologous T cells were cultured with AML-DC cultures and tested as cytotoxic effector cells in an LDH-release assay. Results represent the mean cytotoxicity of triplicate cultures. (A) The antileukemic cytotoxicity of autologous lymphocytes stimulated with DC generated with GM + IL-4 + TNF-; (B) DC generated with CD40L. The effector cells described in (B) were tested for cytotoxicity against remission PBMNC, rather than leukemic cells in (C). (B and C) represent a single experiment, whereas (A) was a separate experiment with a different series of patients. Each symbol represents one patient. Results represent the mean cytotoxicity of triplicate cultures. Cytotoxicity of DC-AL at a ratio of 25:1 against leukemic targets (B) compared with remission targets (C) is significant (P < .005, Student’s t-test) for every patient.