Detection of provirus DNA in peripheral blood cells or bone marrow cells of the transplanted marmosets. On the indicated days, DNA was obtained from each sample and analyzed for the presence of provirus DNA and β-globin DNA as an internal control by PCR, followed by Southern blot analysis. Peripheral blood cells from day 28 and day 53 of transplantation showed the presence of provirus DNA in marmoset no. 2. The provirus was detected in marmoset no. 3 in peripheral blood cells on day 35 and day 81. In this animal, the provirus was detected both in peripheral blood granulocytes and lymphocytes on day 142 (just before the first treatment with Docetaxel) and on day 245 (just after the third treatment with Docetaxel), and the provirus was also detected on day 412. A bone marrow biopsy was performed on this marmoset on day 105; the provirus was detected in bone marrow MNCs and in pooled colonies (10 colonies) (A). The provirus DNA in granulocytes and lymphocytes was also detected from day 36 to day 216 in marmoset no. 4. Day 74 was the day before the first treatment with Docetaxel, and day 158 was the day after the third treatment with Docetaxel (B). The standard provirus DNA sample was obtained from serial dilutions of DNA from the packaging cell line, PA317-HaMDR1, containing a single copy of the provirus per cell (C). The standard β-globin DNA sample was obtained from serial fivefold to 10-fold dilutions of DNA from normal PB (D).